31. Venerable Upali approached The Blessed One, worshipped, sat on a side and said to The Blessed One:

ßVenerable sir, on account of how many usefulnesses did The Blessed One appoint and codify the higher code of rules to the disciples?"

ßUpali, on account of ten usefulnesses, the Thus Gone One appointed and codified the higher code of rules to the disciples. What ten?

For the excellence of the Community, for the pleasant abiding of the Community, to control evil minded people, for the pleasant abiding of the well behaved bhikkhus, for the restraint of desires in this very life, for the warding off, of desires in the next life, for the pleasantness of the displeased, for the development of pleasure of those pleased, for the long standing of the Teaching, as a support for the Discipline. Upali, on account of these ten usefulnesses, the Thus Gone One appointed and codified the higher code of rules to the disciples.

32. ßVenerable sir, for how many reasons is the recitation of the higher code of rules suspended?"

ßUpali, for ten reasons the recitation of the higher code of rules is suspended. What ten?

Someone fallen for an offence sits in the gathering. and there is talk about the offences. There is one, not fully ordained in the gathering. There is conversation about the not fully ordained. One who has given up the holy life is in the gathering. There is conversation about giving up the holy life in the gathering. There is a weakling sitting in the gathering. There is conversation about weaklings in the gathering. Someone who has defiled a bhikkhuni sits in the gathering. There is conversation about the defilement of bhikkhunis.

Upali, for these ten reasons the recitation of the higher code of rules is suspended.

33. Venerable sir, the bhikkhu endowed with how many things, should decide the expulsion of a bhikkhu?"

ßUpali, the bhikkhu endowed with ten things should decide the expulsion of a bhikkhu. What ten?

Here, Upali, the bhikkhu should be virtuous abiding restrained in the higher code of rules, conducting himself seeing fear in the slightest fault. Should be learned, bearing and accumulating the Teaching, good at the beginning, middle and end, full of meanings even in the letters and stating the pure and complete holy life. That Teaching he should recite, and experience with the mind and penetratingly see it, to straighten his view. The higher code of rules, should be well ingrained in him to explain with details by observing it and being able to make decisions by discourses and by words in them. He is immoveably established in the discipline. It is possible for him to see the meanings and the hidden meanings, to give knowledge, to give wisdom, to win over, to make others agree and to make them.pleasant. He is clever and can settle arisen disputes. He knows the settlement of disputes, the arising of disputes, the cessation of disputes and the path leading to the cessation of disputes. Upali, the bhikkhu endowed with these ten things should decide the expulsion of a bhikkhu.

34. Venerable sir, the bhikkhu endowed with how many things, should give the higher ordination to a bhikkhu?"

ßUpali, the bhikkhu endowed with ten things should give the higher ordination to a bhikkhu. What ten?

Here, Upali, the bhikkhu should be virtuous abiding restrained in the higher code of rules, conducting himself, seeing fear in the slightest fault. Should be learned, bearing and accumulating the Teaching good at the beginning, middle and end, full of meanings even in the letters and stating the pure and complete holy life. That Teaching he should recite, and experience with the mind and penetratingly see it, to straighten his view. The higher code of rules, should be well ingrained in him to explain with details by observing it and being able to make decisions by discourses and by words in them. He should be able to attend on the sick, or make arrangements to attend on the sick. He should be able to make those who dislike the training to like it, or cause it to be done. He should be able to dispel arisen doubts according to the Teaching. He should be able to dispel arisen wrong views according to the Teaching. He should be able to establish someone in higher virtues, in the higher development of the mind and in higher wisdom. Upali, the bhikkhu endowed with these ten things should give the higher ordination to a bhikkhu.

35. Venerable sir, the bhikkhu endowed with how many things, should lay a foundation?"

ßUpali, the bhikkhu endowed with ten things should lay a foundation. What ten?

Here, Upali, the bhikkhu should be virtuous abiding restrained in the higher code of rules, conducting himself, seeing fear in the slightest fault. Should be learned, bearing and accumulating the Teaching good at the beginning, middle and end, full of meanings even in the letters and stating the pure and complete holy life. That Teaching he should recite, and experience with the mind and penetratingly see it, to straighten his view. The higher code of rules, should be well ingrained in him to explain with details by observing it and being able to make decisions by discourses and by words in them. He should be able to attend on the sick, or make arrangements to attend on the sick. He should be able to make those who dislike the training to like it, or cause it to be done. He should be able to dispel arisen doubts according to the Teaching. He should be able to dispel arisen wrong views according to the Teaching. He should be able to establish someone in higher virtues, in the higher development of the mind and in higher wisdom. Upali, the bhikkhu endowed with these ten things should lay a foundation"

36. Venerable sir, the bhikkhu endowed with how many things, should attend on a novice bhikkhu?"

ßUpali, the bhikkhu endowed with ten things should attend on a novice bhikkhu. What ten?

Here, Upali, the bhikkhu should be virtuous abiding restrained in the higher code of rules, conducting himself, seeing fear in the slightest fault. Should be learned, bearing and accumulating the Teaching good at the beginning, middle and end, full of meanings even in the letters and stating the pure and complete holy life. That Teaching he should recite, and experience with the mind and penetratingly see it, to straighten his view. The higher code of rules, should be well ingrained in him to explain with details by observing it and being able to make decisions by discourses and by words in them. He should be able to attend on the sick, or make arrangements to attend on the sick. He should be able to make those who dislike the training to like it, or cause it to be done. He should be able to dispel arisen doubts according to the Teaching. He should be able to dispel arisen wrong views according to the Teaching. He should be able to establish someone in higher virtues, in the higher development of the mind and in higher wisdom. Upali, the bhikkhu endowed with these ten things should attend on a novice bhikkhu"

37. Venerable sir, it is said a split in the Community. Venerable sir, how is the Community split?

ßHere, Upali, the bhikkhu shows the non-Teaching as the Teaching and the Teaching as the non-Teaching. The non-discipline as the discipline and the discipline as the non discipline. The not told and not declared by the Thus Gone One as told and declared by the Thus Gone One. The told and declared by the Thus Gone One as the not told and not declared by the Thus Gone One. The not practised by the Thus Gone One as the practised by the Thus Gone One. The practised by the Thus Gone One as the not practised by the Thus Gone One. The not pointed out by the Thus Gone One as the pointed out by the Thus Gone One The pointed out by the Thus Gone One as the not pointed out by the Thus Gone One. In these ten things, they drag themselves down and remove themselves and acting separately recite the recital of the full moon separately. Upali, with this much there is a split in the Community.

38. Venerable sir, it is said unity in the Community. Venerable sir, how is there unity in the Community ?

ßHere, Upali, the bhikkhu shows the non-Teaching as the non-Teaching and the Teaching as the Teaching. The non-discipline as the non-discipline and the discipline as the discipline. The not told and not declared by the Thus Gone One as not told and not declared by the Thus Gone One. The told and declared by the Thus Gone One as the told and declared by the Thus Gone One. The not practised by the Thus Gone One as the not practised by the Thus Gone One. The practised by the Thus Gone One as the practised by the Thus Gone One. The not pointed out by the Thus Gone One as the not pointed out by the Thus Gone One The pointed out by the Thus Gone One as the pointed out by the Thus Gone One. In these ten things, they do not drag themselves down and do not remove themselves and not acting separately do not recite the recital of the full moon separately. Upali, with this much there is unity in the Community.

39. Venerable ânanda, approached The Blessed One, worshipped, sat on aside and said:

ß Venerable sir, it is said a split in the Community. Venerable sir, how is the Community split?

ßHere, ânanda, the bhikkhu shows the non-Teaching as the Teaching and the Teaching as the non-Teaching. The non-discipline as the discipline and the discipline as the non discipline. The not told and not declared by the Thus Gone One as told and declared by the Thus Gone One. The told and declared by the Thus Gone One as the not told and not declared by the Thus Gone One. The not practised by the Thus Gone One as the practised by the Thus Gone One. The practised by the Thus Gone One as the not practised by the Thus Gone One. The not pointed out by the Thus Gone One as the pointed out by the Thus Gone One The pointed out by the Thus Gone One as the not pointed out by the Thus Gone One. In these ten things, they drag themselves down and remove themselves and acting separately recite the recital of the full moon separately. ânanda, with this much there is a split in the Community.

40. Venerable sir, it is said unity in the Community. Venerable sir, how is there unity in the Community ?

ßHere, ânanda, the bhikkhu shows the non-Teaching as the non-Teaching and the Teaching as the Teaching. The non-discipline as the non-discipline and the discipline as the discipline. The not told and not declared by the Thus Gone One as the not told and not declared by the Thus Gone One. The told and declared by the Thus Gone One as the told and declared by the Thus Gone One. The not practised by the Thus Gone One as the not practised by the Thus Gone One. The practised by the Thus Gone One as the practised by the Thus Gone One. The not pointed out by the Thus Gone One as the not pointed out by the Thus Gone One The pointed out by the Thus Gone One as the pointed out by the Thus Gone One. In these ten things, they do not drag themselves down and do not remove themselves and not acting separately do not recite the recital of the full moon separately. ânanda, with this much there is unity in the Community.